This is how a chocolate cake travels through the internet
Lisa wants to bake a delicious chocolate cake for her friend's birthday. She doesn't want just any chocolate cake recipe, but the best one. So she gets to work on her smartphone and types the search term “best chocolate cake recipe” into the search engine. As soon as Lisa presses the search button, the request is sent to the search engine's servers. These are connected to each other via the internet.
Through cables, fiber-optic lines to the data center and back
The request is sent as a data packet in the form of light or electrical impulses – so-called bits – through a labyrinth of cables, via fiber-optic lines that run under the streets and oceans, to the servers. These can be located in a data center anywhere in the world. The whole process takes place at the speed of light.
For the search engine, Lisa's request means that it searches its servers for already crawled and indexed websites that contain relevant information about the “best chocolate cake recipe”. It uses complex algorithms to determine the best matches. This is based on factors such as keywords, popularity and quality of the websites. The search engine presents the list of results in the blink of an eye. Lisa sees the results on her screen and selects the chocolate cake recipe she wants to bake for the birthday girl.
The internet is a network of interconnected computers that can send data to each other. Just like Lisa meets up with her friends and exchanges news. On the internet, it is a huge collection of networks that enables computers worldwide to exchange information.
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From the idea of a global network to the WWW
The idea of a global network emerged in the 1960s. Projects such as Arpanet in the USA laid the foundation for what we now know as the internet. At that time, experts took the first steps towards connecting computers over long distances.
In 1973, Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn developed the TCP internet protocol – a new era of networking began. This protocol enabled different networks to communicate with each other. This is how a global network and ultimately the World Wide Web came about. Tim Berners-Lee played a key role in its birth. From 1989 to the 1990s, he developed the World Wide Web at CERN in Geneva, the first drafts for HTML, and he invented URLs, browsers and web servers. The rest is history – a history that is constantly evolving and having an increasing impact on our lives and work.
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